你是否聽說過哪家半導體廠商不但為了員工眷屬辦學校還經(jīng)營房地產(chǎn)業(yè)務？總部位于上海的中國晶圓代工業(yè)者中芯國際(SMIC)就是。
成立于2000年的中芯是中國期望能在全球半導體市場扮演要角的一個象征，為了吸引世界級的一流人才，該公司在總部附近為員工建立了一個住宅社區(qū)，內(nèi)部并有一所備受贊譽的K-12 (編按：幼兒園到12年級)國際學校，該校在2012年時的學生數(shù)超過2,000人。
位于上海張江高科技園區(qū)的中芯國際總部大樓外觀
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本文下一頁：住宅社區(qū)和學校，是為了吸引全球的人才前往中芯任職
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• 武漢新芯化身XMC，與中芯國際再無瓜葛itkesmc
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據(jù) 了解，中芯建立員工住宅社區(qū)以及自有學校的點子來自該公司創(chuàng)辦人張汝京(Richard Chang)；為了吸引全球的人才前往中國與中芯任職，他認為應該要在高薪資條件以外，提供更多誘因。因此在中芯成立之初，因為張汝京提供可舉家遷居并讓 子女接受教育的選項，吸引不少本來并沒有打算前往中國工作的高層主管。
中芯作業(yè)員宿舍外觀
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本文下一頁：中芯從成立至今一路走來并不平順
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中芯從成立至今一路走來并不平順，除了無法轉(zhuǎn)虧為盈、遭遇訴訟糾紛，近幾年來管理團隊也屢有變動；雖然該公司仍落后全球其它晶圓代工大廠如臺積電(TSMC)、GlobalFoundries等一段距離，在現(xiàn)任CEO邱慈云的率領(lǐng)之下，業(yè)務發(fā)展似乎漸有起色。
中芯社區(qū)高層主管別墅外觀
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本文下一頁：中芯在經(jīng)營房地產(chǎn)業(yè)務上的表現(xiàn)似乎優(yōu)于其晶圓代工本業(yè)
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• 武漢新芯化身XMC，與中芯國際再無瓜葛itkesmc
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中芯住宅社區(qū)距離中芯上海廠區(qū)約五分鐘車程；中芯的一般員工能以低于市場的價格租賃那些住宅，而一些具備特定資格或達到足夠任職年資的員工，甚至能以優(yōu)惠價購買社區(qū)的房產(chǎn)。因此在上海半導體產(chǎn)業(yè)界流傳著一個笑話，說中芯在經(jīng)營房地產(chǎn)業(yè)務上的表現(xiàn)似乎優(yōu)于其晶圓代工本業(yè)。
中芯社區(qū)房地產(chǎn)價格
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本文下一頁：中芯學校提供與美國中學相同的英語學程，據(jù)說是上海最好的學校之一
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緊鄰中芯住宅社區(qū)的中芯學校，則是這家晶圓代工業(yè)者建立的另一個典范；這所學校提供與美國中學相同的英語學程，據(jù)說是上海最好的學校之一，甚至優(yōu)于當?shù)仄渌?為外籍人士建立的美國學校。雙語教學的中芯學校并具備來自全球的優(yōu)秀師資，包括來自美國預校(prep school，編按：能協(xié)助學生進入特定著名大學的私校)之教育專家。
在中心社區(qū)居住的中芯銀發(fā)族眷屬，這些祖父母通常負責照顧放學后的孫兒們，等他們的爸媽從中芯下班
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本文下一頁：中芯學校的畢業(yè)生大多被美國頂尖大學錄取，包括許多常春藤名校
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2009年的《哈佛商業(yè)評論(Harvard Business Review)》曾刊出過一篇文章，深入研究了中芯的經(jīng)營策略──包括中芯學校；該文指出：“中芯學校的畢業(yè)生大多被美國頂尖大學錄取，包括許多常春藤名校；因此該校成為上海的明星學校，甚至有許多非中芯員工子女前往就讀，占據(jù)該校學生六成左右?！?
與中芯住宅社區(qū)僅隔一條馬路的中芯學校外觀
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中芯學校校園內(nèi)的太陽能測試站
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本文下一頁：環(huán)境優(yōu)美的上海園區(qū)
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中芯國際在上海的園區(qū)占地26萬平方公尺，環(huán)境優(yōu)美；內(nèi)有專供高層主管居住的大型別墅，也有一般員工的大樓式公寓，以及作業(yè)員居住的平價宿舍；以下是筆者的一手影像報導。
中芯住宅社區(qū)與中芯學校鳥瞰模型
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本文下一頁：小橋，流水，別墅區(qū)
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中芯社區(qū)內(nèi)有一條小河流
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中芯社區(qū)小河上的橋梁，橋那頭是高層主管的別墅區(qū)
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本文下一頁：安保、運動設施，一樣不能少
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中芯社區(qū)內(nèi)四處裝設保全攝影機
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中芯學校校園建筑與運動場
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本文下一頁：商店街、菜市場，應有盡有
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中芯社區(qū)外圍的商店街，那些店家并非中芯經(jīng)營，而是向中芯社區(qū)租賃店面
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中芯社區(qū)鄰近街道邊的小菜販
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編譯：Judith Cheng
參考英文原文：Slideshow: How SMIC attracts talent，by Junko Yoshida
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Slideshow: How SMIC attracts talent
Junko Yoshida
Chinese foundry's template for recruitment of world-class talent includes choice residential living and an award-winning school.
SHANGHAI, China – Quick: Name a semiconductor manufacturer that runs a school and a real estate business along with their foundry service.
There’s only one--Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corp. (SMIC), based in Shanghai.
Founded in 2000, SMIC symbolizes China’s ambition to become a key player in the global semiconductor industry. SMIC also developed a template for successful recruitment of world-class talent, by building close to its headquarters a residential campus together with an award winning K-12 international school, which as of 2012 had an enrollment of more than 2,000 students.
The big idea of developing a residential campus complete with school came from Richard Chang, SMIC’s founder. Chang, even long after he left the company, is still adored and respected by many of SMIC’s employees and the high-tech community in China.
To attract to China and SMIC talented people the world over, Chang figured out that it’s important to go beyond the usual financial incentives. At the inception of SMIC, he offered optional housing and educational programs for those with families. The package clicked with many executives who weren’t initially sure about taking a job in China.
The road SMIC has traveled thus far, however, has been treacherous. The company suffered from decade without profits, lawsuits filed by its rival, and sudden management changes in recent years. Although SMIC still needs to close the gap with the world’s leading foundry companies such as Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co. and GlobalFoundries, the company’s business seems picking up long at last, under the current CEO, Tzu-Yin Chiu.
You’ve probably heard of Foxconn’s dormitories in Shenzhen, jammed with young production line workers recruited from the countryside. Far less known is this semiconductor company–unusual in China or anywhere else in the world–that actually operates a school and provides family living quarters for workers and executives.
The following slideshow illustrates the creation of the SMIC founder Chang--SMIC’s homes and the SMIC School, located within a five-minute drive of SMIC’s Shanghai fab.
These accommodations are rented to SMIC employees at below market prices. Certain employees are even qualified to purchase the properties at a deep discount after a specified period of service. The prevailing joke in the semiconductor business in Shanghai is that SMIC is a bigger success in real estate than it is in the foundry business.
But SMIC deserves credit for writing a text-book scenario on how to set up a successful operation in emerging markets. The key is the school.
The SMIC School, offering an English Track that runs on a U.S. high school curriculum, is known as one of the best schools in Shanghai--even better than the American School in Shanghai--by the expatriate community. On the theory that the best school needs the best teachers, the bilingual school recruited its teaching staff globally, including career educators at prep schools in the United States.
A Harvard Business Review article in 2009 that examined SMIC’s strategy–including the SMIC School–pointed out that “graduates from the school had been admitted to top universities in the U.S., including many Ivy League schools. The school became a popular choice even for non-SMIC employees, which accounted for more than 60 percent of the student body.”
SMIC’s own 260,000-square meter campus is expansive and beautifully landscaped. The living quarters includes big houses for executives, townhouses for employees, and low-cost dormitories for SMIC’s manufacturing assistants.
In short, this may be China, but it ain’t Foxconn.
SMIC headquarters located in the Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park in Shanghai
Bird's eye view
Bird’s-eye view of SMIC’s Living Quarters complete with the SMIC School -- shown in a mock-up
Low-density apartments
Low-density apartment for SMIC’s manufacturing assistants
Grandparents
Grandparents – also living in the SMIC Living Quarters – take care of their grandkids after school in the residential campus, until the parents working at SMIC come home
Real-estate prices
These accommodations were rented to SMIC employees at below market prices and certain employees are qualified to purchase the properties at a deep discount after a specified period of service. The sign shows how much some of those accommodations are going for these days.
Landscaped living quarters
A river runs through SMIC’s landscaped Living Quarters
Beyond the bridge
Beyond the bridge, there are independent villas for SMIC executives
Executive housing
One of the houses for a SMIC executive and his family
Security
Cameras are everywhere in SMIC’s Living Quarters for security purposes
SMIC School
Entrance to the SMIC School is located just across a street from the Living Quarters
Track and field
The SMIC School’s track and field facility
Solar energy
The SMIC School’s solar energy testing spot.
Shops and restaurants
Shops and restaurants in the neighborhood of the Living Quarters. They aren’t operated by SMIC, but they rent the space from SMIC.
Vegetable vendor
As with any Chinese street, the neighborhood streets also have vendors selling vegetables and fruits.
責編：Quentin
