中國政府最新公布資料顯示，今年上半年，美國對中國的直接投資額下降了3.2%。 中國并不會太過恐慌。但也許，只是也許，中國已開始有點擔(dān)心其向來控管良好的經(jīng)濟，正由于海外投資流失而逐漸失去主導(dǎo)權(quán)。 中國商務(wù)部上周公布資料顯示，今年上半年，美國對中國的直接投資下降了3.2%，來到16.3億美元。 而在上周四(8月16日)公布的資料看來也不甚樂觀。 今年七月份，對中國的外國直接投資(Foreign direct investment, FDI，不僅來自美國，也來自全球各地)已經(jīng)連續(xù)第二個月呈現(xiàn)下跌。這使得今年前七個月內(nèi)來自外國直接投資的總額來到666.7億美元，較上一年同期下降3.6%。 肇因于奧巴馬將制造業(yè)帶回美國

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中國外來投資下降的消息，顯然是一則大到足以迫使中國商務(wù)部新聞發(fā)言人沈丹陽在《中國日報》上發(fā)表談話的事件。 除了淡化商務(wù)部的資料外，沈丹陽也將投資中國金額減少歸咎于“美國將制造業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移回本土的策略”，以及“歐元區(qū)持續(xù)升高的債務(wù)危機，和中國土地供應(yīng)吃緊以及勞動力成本上升”等因素。 盡管這個警訊尚激起全球其它地區(qū)的反應(yīng)，但中國政府仍然讓《中國日報》獨家采了中國商務(wù)部政策研究室主任張向晨。在此次采訪中，張向晨表示，“由于來自外國的投資質(zhì)量不斷改善，因此，中國并不擔(dān)心跨國公司大舉將制造廠遷移到鄰國?！? 好吧，永遠(yuǎn)有應(yīng)該擔(dān)心的事，這位政府官員表示表示他并沒有在擔(dān)心這些。此外，請注意他上述發(fā)言中的關(guān)鍵：“鄰國”。 印尼政府上周宣布，富士康(Foxconn)將投資100億美元，這將讓這家EMS巨擘能制造出比中國廠成本更低的產(chǎn)品。 富士康并不孤單。還有一些跨國公司紛紛將生產(chǎn)線從中國轉(zhuǎn)移到其它更低成本的東南亞國家。據(jù)《中國日報》報導(dǎo)，阿迪達斯(Adidas)上個月表示，今年10月 底將關(guān)閉唯一一家在江蘇省蘇州的全資服裝廠，該廠有160名員工。而在更早之前，耐克（Nike）也在2009年關(guān)關(guān)了在中國蘇州的唯一一座鞋廠。 雖然張向晨警告“對中國投資下滑”的趨勢可能會在接下來的幾個月內(nèi)持續(xù)，但他也認(rèn)為，短期內(nèi)影響很“有限”。他堅持“任何的擔(dān)心都毫無根據(jù)?！? 在解釋美國在中國投資下滑情況時，張向晨同樣將重點放在“奧巴馬政府所選擇的推動方案”上。他指出，該計劃旨在設(shè)立一個國家級的推廣機構(gòu)，以吸引更多的外國投資，特別是來自中國。 本文授權(quán)編譯自EE Times，版權(quán)所有，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載 本文下一頁：中國仍積極擴張海外投資

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{pagination} 中國仍積極擴張海外投資 從光明面來看，中國的海外投資依然強勁。在全球經(jīng)濟疲軟，外國投資者正逐漸減少在中國的并購之際，中國仍繼續(xù)維持在海外的投資行動。 據(jù)普華永道(PricewaterhouseCoopers, PwC)上周三(8月14日)發(fā)布的一份報告，今年上半年，發(fā)生在中國的并購交易數(shù)量較前一年同期下降了33%，與一年前同期相比。相較之下，中國對外投資數(shù)量是上述數(shù)字的2倍。 一直到幾年前，中國公司都很少出現(xiàn)積極并購國外企業(yè)情況。 然而，今天的中國企業(yè)愈來愈常收購國外資源、能源和技術(shù)等相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)。2012上半年，中國公司公布的交易數(shù)量達九件之多，總價超過10億美元，其中七件是與資源和能源領(lǐng)域相關(guān)。而去年同期，中國對外收購交易則僅有兩件。

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盡管普華永道的報告也指出，中國仍然渴望到海外投資，但該報告也點出了外國對中國的直接投資出現(xiàn)下降趨勢。該報告發(fā)現(xiàn)，今年上半年，外國買家在中國的并購總值較去年同期下降了42%。 同樣地，普華永道指出，私人股權(quán)交易也下滑了約1,000萬美元以上，同比下降39%。這部份可能是由于預(yù)期價格將進一步下跌，因此交易處理時間被延長。 然而，中國商務(wù)部新聞發(fā)言人沈丹陽仍堅持今年全年外國對中國直接投資非?！胺€(wěn)定”，下年年經(jīng)濟將回復(fù)成長。 至于為何中國仍擁有長期吸引力，沈丹陽表示，主要有三個原因： 1) 巨大的國內(nèi)消費； 2) 中國嚴(yán)厲打擊侵犯知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的行為； 3) 加速工業(yè)化進程。 在西方，很多人可能會同意在第一和第三點，但第二點就有待商榷了，起碼現(xiàn)在還沒看到真正的積極行動。 本文授權(quán)編譯自EE Times，版權(quán)所有，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載 編譯： Joy Teng 參考英文原文：Yoshida in China: Worries about declining U.S. investors，by Junko Yoshida

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{pagination} Yoshida in China: Worries about declining U.S. investors Junko Yoshida China is not exactly panicking. But maybe, just maybe, China is beginning to worry a tiny bit about its well-managed economy losing its grip on a thus far dependable throng of overseas investors. New data released by China’s Ministry of Commerce this week shows that in the first half of this year, direct investment from the United States to China dropped by 3.2 percent over the same period last year, to $1.63 billion. The latest monthly figures, revealed Thursday (Aug. 16th), don’t look good, either. Foreign direct investment (FDI) into China (not just from the United States, but from all over the world) fell for the second consecutive month in July. This brought the total FDI inflow for the first seven months of the year to $66.67 billion, down 3.6 percent year on the year. Blame Obama for bringing back manufacturing jobs to the United States The news [about declining inward investments in China] was apparently a story big enough to compel China’s commerce ministry spokesman Shen Danyang to talk to the China Daily. While downplaying the ministry’s own data, Shen blamed the dwindling investment inflows on “the United States’ strategy of bringing manufacturing back home,” in addition to “the euro zone's ongoing debt crisis, China's strained land supplies and rising labor costs.” In case this alarm wasn’t loud enough to convince the rest of the world, the Chinese government also made available Zhang Xiangchen, director of the Department of Policy Research at the Ministry of Commerce, for a separate interview with the China Daily. In that interview, Zhang said, "China is not worried about the massive transfer of factories by multinational companies to neighboring countries as the quality of foreign investment will improve.” Well, one should always worry, when a government official says that he is NOT worried about something. Also, note the key phrase in his statement above: “neighboring countries.” The Indonesian government just announced this week that Foxconn will be investing up to $10 billion in Indonesia to make products even cheaper than at the EMS giant’s China plants. Foxconn isn’t alone. A few other multinationals are also moving production from China to low-cost countries in Southeast Asia. China Daily reported that Adidas said last month it will shut down the company's only fully-owned apparel factory in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, which employs 160 workers, at the end of October. This comes after Nike closed its only shoe factory in China, also in Suzhou, in 2009. Although Zhang cautioned that the momentum [of declining investment in China] will probably continue in the following months, he held the view that the impact would be “l(fā)imited” in the short term. He insisted that any fears are unfounded. In explaining decline of U.S. investment in China, Zhang, too, focused on the 'Select USA' program promoted by the Obama administration. He said the program sets up a national promotion agency to attract more foreign investment, especially from China. China is hungry for investing abroad On the bright side, China's appetite for investing abroad remains strong. Under the weak global economy, foreign investors are making fewer M&A deals in China, but China continues to remain hungry to invest in companies abroad. In the first half of this year, M&A deal numbers in China dropped by 33 percent, compared to the same period a year ago, according to a report PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) issued Wednesday (August 14th). In contrast, China’s outbound investment deals tripled in value, the report said. Until several years ago, Chinese companies rarely showed up on the active M&A scene abroad. The Chinese today, however, are increasingly comfortable with acquiring resources, energy and technology-related business abroad. In the first half of 2012, Chinese companies announced nine deals -- including seven in the resources and energy sector -- with a value exceeding $1 billion, compared with only two during the period last year. While the Chinese remain eager to invest abroad, the PwC report, too, pointed out a trend of declining FDI in China. The report found a 42 percent drop in inbound deals into China by foreign buyers in the first half of this year, from the same period of last year. Similarly private equity deals with a value of $10 million or more also dropped sharply, down 39 percent, according to PwC. This could be partly explained because deals processing times were intentionally lengthened in anticipation of a further decline in prices, noted PwC. China’s commerce ministry spokesman Shen, however, insisted the full year's FDI in China would "stabilize," as economic growth picks up in the second half. As to why China’s attractiveness will be strong in the long term, Shen cited “1) huge domestic consumption; 2) China's efforts to crack down on the infringement of intellectual property rights; and 3) the accelerating process of industrialization.” Many in the West might agree on the first and third points, but on No. 2, not so much, not yet, not ‘til China puts its money where its mouth is.