過去十年電信產(chǎn)業(yè)的興盛，僅是讓美國光電組件廠商加速將制造移往泰國等亞洲地區(qū)；但就如同其它技術(shù)領(lǐng)域所面臨的狀況，當某種電子零組件的本土制造基地不斷萎縮，得經(jīng)過很長的距離供應(yīng)日益增加的安全存量，產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)導人也越來越對這樣的情況感到不安。 為此，畢業(yè)于美國德州理工大學(Texas Tech)、目前擔任光電產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展協(xié)會(Optoelectronics Industry Development Association)執(zhí)行技術(shù)總監(jiān)的工程師Ganesh Gopalakrishnan決定，是該做點事情來遏止美國光電組件制造業(yè)出走潮的時候了。他四處聯(lián)系相關(guān)人士并于近日在洛杉磯舉辦了一場座談會，主題就 是探討美國光電組件制造業(yè)的衰退；參與該場座談會的美國產(chǎn)、官、學各界專家也對振興美國光電組件制造業(yè)達成了共識。 Gopalakrishnan 表示，盡管仍有部分與會者抱持懷疑態(tài)度，但振興美國光電制造業(yè)的行動若再等個五年就會太遲：“無論采用哪種方法，我們將嘗試大聲疾呼產(chǎn)業(yè)界正視此一問題?！彼鴪?zhí)掌一家位于馬里蘭州的光電組件制造公司，直到過去十年電信產(chǎn)業(yè)興起之前；他估計，在這十年北美所流失的制造業(yè)職缺約有20萬個。(包括破產(chǎn)的北電網(wǎng)絡(luò)- Nortel Networks在內(nèi)的加拿大電信設(shè)備業(yè)者，曾貢獻40%的北美光電組件制造產(chǎn)業(yè)) 而Gopalakrishnan也指出，包括硅光子芯片、光纖零件、網(wǎng)絡(luò)接口、LED等光電組件的制造，以及相對應(yīng)的封裝制程，并不只是工作機會；因為具安全性、高速的光學網(wǎng)絡(luò)是一個國家的通訊基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)骨干，唯有本土制造才能確保該光學網(wǎng)絡(luò)是可避免駭客攻擊的。 在座談會舉行同時，一個新的光電產(chǎn)業(yè)計劃也在俄亥俄州公布；美中經(jīng)濟與安全審議委員會(U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission)成員Dan Slane透露，有關(guān)當局將在俄亥俄州Dayton附近的Wright-Patterson空軍基地外圍，建立一個光電產(chǎn)業(yè)聚落；相關(guān)經(jīng)費將由地方政府負 責籌措，并提撥70英畝的土地做為興建研發(fā)機構(gòu)、光電組件組裝封裝廠使用。 Slane表示，有數(shù)所位于俄亥俄 州的大學將與Wright-Patterson基地內(nèi)的空軍研究實驗室(Wright-Patterson)合作建立一個最終可做為“可信賴光電組件組裝 廠”的機構(gòu)。Gopalakrishan則強調(diào)，俄亥俄州新發(fā)起的產(chǎn)業(yè)計劃，以及一連串促進光電組件標準化的復興行動，將是振興美國本土光電產(chǎn)業(yè)的第一步。 在政府的監(jiān)督之下進行產(chǎn)業(yè)標準開發(fā)，將有助于減少產(chǎn)業(yè)的不確定因素，并因此降低光電組件的設(shè)計與生產(chǎn)成本；“此一策略與 整個產(chǎn)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)息息相關(guān)?！盙opalakrishnan并認為，繼續(xù)在美國以外的區(qū)域進行光電組件生產(chǎn)將會扼殺創(chuàng)新：“如果你喪失了制造能力，也意味著失去做那些應(yīng)用于新一代終端產(chǎn)品之小東西的能力?！?Gopalakrishnan補充指出，僅僅是產(chǎn)出光電組件知識產(chǎn)權(quán)(IP)，并不足以維持本土產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展；因為IP已經(jīng)成為“數(shù)字游戲”而已。 編譯：Judith Cheng 本文授權(quán)編譯自EE Times，版權(quán)所有，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載 參考英文原文：Optoelectronics industry seeks manufacturing comeback，by George Leopold

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{pagination} Optoelectronics industry seeks manufacturing comeback George Leopold WASHINGTON – The telecom bust of the last decade only served to hasten the offshoring of U.S. optoelectronics manufacturing to Asian countries like Thailand. As with other technology sectors, industry leaders are becoming increasingly restive about a shrinking manufacturing base in an electronics sector that provides ever-increasing amounts of secure bandwidth over long distances. Alarmed by this exodus, Ganesh Gopalakrishnan decided it was time to do something to stem the erosion of the optoelectronics manufacturing base. Gopalakrishnan, an engineer trained at Texas Tech and executive technical director at the Optoelectronics Industry Development Association, based here, picked up the phone and started lining up a panel of speakers for a workshop highlighting the manufacturing decline at a recent industry conference in Los Angeles. The panel, made up of experts from industry, academia and government agencies like the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency concluded that “it was clear that something needs to be done” to reverse the decline in optoelectronics manufacturing, Gopalakrishnan said in an interview. Some conference attendees remained dubious, he added, saying the effort to revive photonics manufacturing is five years too late. Either way, Gopalakrishnan said, “We’re trying to be the squeaky wheel.” Gopalakrishnan, who headed a successive optoelectronics manufacturing company in Columbia, Md., up until the telecom bust early in the last decade, estimates that about 200,000 manufacturing jobs have been lost in North America over the last ten years. (Canadian telecom equipment makers like bankrupt Nortel Networks once accounted for about 40 percent of North American optoelectronics manufacturing.) The manufacturing of network equipment such as silicon photonics circuits, fiber optic components, network interfaces, LEDs and accompanying packaging isn’t just about jobs, he argued. Secure, high-speed optical networks are the backbone of the nation’s communications infrastructure. Hence, domestic manufacturing is one way to ensure that optical networks remain shielded from hackers and cyber attacks, Gopalakrishnan said. Beyond talk, the manufacturing effort appears to be gaining steam. A new photonics initiative in Ohio was unveiled during the association’s manufacturing workshop. Dan Slane, a member of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, announced plans to create a cluster of photonics companies around Wright-Patterson Air Force Base near Dayton, Ohio. Local governments are expected to fund the effort and allocate 70 acres of land for an R&D facility and a photonics assembly and packaging plant. Several Ohio universities will work with the Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright-Patterson to create a facility that will eventually be designated as a “trusted assembly/packaging plant” for photonics, Slane said. Gopalakrishan stressed that the Ohio initiative along with a renewed push to promote optoelectronics standards are among the first steps toward reviving the domestic photonics industry. Industry standards developed with the help of government referees would help reduce industry uncertainly and, with it, the cost of designing and manufacturing optoelectronics. “The ecosystem evolves around the strategy,” Gopalakrishnan said. Moreover, continuing to assembly photonics components overseas stifles innovation. “If you lose your manufacturing capability you lose the ability to do the little things” needed to produce the next generation of products, Gopalakrishnan stressed. Merely generating intellectual property related to optoelectronics also isn’t enough to sustain a domestic industry. IP has become “just a numbers game,” Gopalakrishnan warned.