在剛剛開幕的日內(nèi)瓦車展上，蘋果公司宣布推出車載iOS系統(tǒng)CarPlay，通過汽車與iPhone連接，再配合方向盤上的Siri按鈕，可實(shí)現(xiàn)電話、地圖、音樂或查看信息等功能的連通。與此同時(shí)，法拉利、奔馳及沃爾沃等汽車品牌宣布已確定與蘋果合作，將于近期推出CarPlay相關(guān)車型，而更多汽車廠商也將陸續(xù)跟進(jìn)。
業(yè)內(nèi)人士分析，大型車企一邊與蘋果合作，一邊打造自有車聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)，始終與蘋果保持著微妙的關(guān)系。
蘋果喧賓奪主
日內(nèi)瓦車展上蘋果喧賓奪主，“車載iOS系統(tǒng)CarPlay”整合了手機(jī)和汽車的通訊、娛樂功能，是蘋果在手機(jī)、電腦之后進(jìn)入的又一個(gè)新領(lǐng)域。根據(jù)蘋果的介紹，在iPhone同一輛整合了CarPlay功能的汽車建立了連接后，用戶便可以利用Siri輕松讀取手機(jī)內(nèi)的聯(lián)系人信息、打電話、回電話，甚至是收聽語音留言。如果收到新信息或者新通知的話，Siri也可以通過讀出信息內(nèi)容或者讓駕駛者使用語音命令聽寫的方式來進(jìn)行信息回復(fù)，或者給對(duì)方回電，確保司機(jī)的視線始終聚焦車前方。
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而且，CarPlay還可以為駕駛者提供更加自然的蘋果地圖使用體驗(yàn)。該服務(wù)可以根據(jù)用戶最近的電話記錄、電子郵件和短信內(nèi)容預(yù)測(cè)出用戶的目的地，并提供道路信息、到達(dá)時(shí)間預(yù)測(cè)和路線選擇。當(dāng)然，用戶也可以要求Siri結(jié)合蘋果地圖服務(wù)為自己提供語音導(dǎo)航，導(dǎo)航信息則會(huì)出現(xiàn)在車輛的車載顯示屏幕上。
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多媒體方面，CarPlay可以通過汽車中控控制音樂、播客(視頻分享)和有聲讀物，并支持部分第三方音樂程序，可以在駕駛時(shí)收聽喜愛的電臺(tái)服務(wù)或體育廣播。
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據(jù)悉，蘋果將在iOS7系統(tǒng)更新中推出CarPlay服務(wù)，該服務(wù)僅僅支持所有搭載了Lightning接口的iPhone (包括iPhone5s、iPhone 5c和iPhone 5)，并將于2014年在部分指定車型中首發(fā)。
本文為《國際電子商情》原創(chuàng)，版權(quán)所有，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處并附鏈接
第2頁：大牌車企們：并不排斥其他家的車載系統(tǒng)
第3頁：車廠們已經(jīng)著手開發(fā)自己的系統(tǒng)
相關(guān)閱讀：
• 蘋果預(yù)計(jì)明年將推出"車載iOS系統(tǒng)"
• iOS in the Car系統(tǒng)用戶界面大量新圖曝光
• 半自動(dòng)駕駛車10年內(nèi)商用，全自動(dòng)還遠(yuǎn)嗎？tvlesmc
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大牌車企們：并不排斥其他車載系統(tǒng)
幾乎就在蘋果推出“CarPlay”的第一時(shí)間，李書福旗下的沃爾沃也發(fā)布新聞，宣布將率先搭載蘋果CarPlay。而首款搭載該系統(tǒng)的沃爾沃車型將是全新XC90，這款將在2014年下半年全球首發(fā)。通用汽車也表示，已經(jīng)在其旗下部分車型中嵌入了siri功能，作為美國企業(yè)，通用汽車一定會(huì)與蘋果合作。
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據(jù)了解，法拉利、奔馳和沃爾沃等廠商將在本周內(nèi)推出CarPlay，而其他制造商也會(huì)陸續(xù)配備該系統(tǒng)，這些制造商包括寶馬、福特、通用、本田、現(xiàn)代、捷豹、路虎、起亞、三菱、標(biāo)致、雪鐵龍、斯巴魯、鈴木和豐田等。
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不過，通用、奔馳、福特等車商均表示，與蘋果的合作并非排他性的，也就是說大部分車商還在與google、安卓等合作，兼容基于其他系統(tǒng)的手機(jī)。除此以外，車商們還在開發(fā)自有的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。
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通用汽車車聯(lián)網(wǎng)部門有關(guān)人士表示，手機(jī)在人們生活中發(fā)揮著重要的作用，如果車商不能將手機(jī)功能整合進(jìn)汽車，那么必然會(huì)失去很多潛在消費(fèi)者，所以車商一定會(huì)與包括蘋果、google在內(nèi)的所有手機(jī)系統(tǒng)開發(fā)商合作。但是，大部分車商更傾向于擁有自己的車聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)，不會(huì)把蛋糕拱手讓人。
本文為《國際電子商情》原創(chuàng)，版權(quán)所有，轉(zhuǎn)載請(qǐng)注明出處并附鏈接
第3頁：車廠們已經(jīng)著手開發(fā)自己的系統(tǒng)
相關(guān)閱讀：
• 蘋果預(yù)計(jì)明年將推出"車載iOS系統(tǒng)"
• iOS in the Car系統(tǒng)用戶界面大量新圖曝光
• 半自動(dòng)駕駛車10年內(nèi)商用，全自動(dòng)還遠(yuǎn)嗎？tvlesmc
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一方面，通用汽車正在加強(qiáng)自己的車載軟件開發(fā)包（SDK），要求開發(fā)者專門為通用汽車編寫?yīng)毺氐膽?yīng)用程序。另一方面，福特公司也提供給軟件開發(fā)者SDK，讓他們編寫能用在福特汽車電子上的智能手機(jī)apps。
除了通用和福特的做法，目前在美國至少還有4種做法可以把智能手機(jī)的apps帶進(jìn)汽車電子中。
第一種是通過蘋果的Carplay；
第二是MirrorLink，其協(xié)議由汽車連接聯(lián)盟（Car Connectivity Consortium）開發(fā)；
第三種是通過安卓，谷歌主導(dǎo)的開放式汽車聯(lián)盟；
最后是Aha Radio。
下面的框圖告訴我們。汽車制造商如何才能整合智能手機(jī)的apps到汽車中：
智能手機(jī)Apps組合選項(xiàng)
Source: IHS Automotivetvlesmc
看起來超復(fù)雜的是吧？由于整合智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用的困難性，大部分車廠可能還是傾向選擇平臺(tái)廠商提供專有的系統(tǒng)，比如蘋果。尤其在美國這個(gè)比較崇拜蘋果和iPhone的國家，一些車廠迫于市場(chǎng)壓力只能選擇蘋果Carplay。
車聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在成為汽車業(yè)發(fā)展最迅速的細(xì)分市場(chǎng)。德勤預(yù)測(cè)，2016年全球汽車電子規(guī)模將達(dá)到2348億美元，增速將高于整車行業(yè)3%－5%的增長水平。
本文授權(quán)編譯自EE Times，版權(quán)所有，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載
參考英文原文：Apple's iOS Codes Get Inside Car
相關(guān)閱讀：
• 蘋果預(yù)計(jì)明年將推出"車載iOS系統(tǒng)"
• iOS in the Car系統(tǒng)用戶界面大量新圖曝光
• 半自動(dòng)駕駛車10年內(nèi)商用，全自動(dòng)還遠(yuǎn)嗎？tvlesmc
{pagination}
Apple's iOS Codes Get Inside Car
Junko Yoshida
At the Geneva Motor Show Monday, Apple debuted “CarPlay,” a tool described by the software giant to bring the iPhone user interface to the automobile dashboard, allowing drivers to easily control iPhone apps “from the car’s native interface” or “just push-and-hold the voice control button on the steering wheel to activate Siri.”
With Apple’s announcement, the naked ambition among smartphone vendors to get inside the car has become more evident than ever before. So is the eagerness of carmakers to associate their cars with the popular smartphone platform – at any cost. But the CarPlay announcement, lacking any technical information, raises more questions than answers, while it illustrates the confusing mess the automotive industry has precipitated when it comes to the in-vehicle integration of smartphone apps.
For starters, every carmaker today already has its own Human-Machine Interface (HMI) for its every model. Adding a new Apple HMI (touchscreen, voice, steering wheels, etc.), or supporting a different HMI set via another smartphone (i.e. Google’s Android, Microsoft, etc.) is no cake walk.
Unanswered questions include the modifications necessary in iOS apps to enable them on cars that support CarPlay, Egil Juliussen, principal analyst, Infotainment & ADAS, at IHS Automotive, told EE Times.
In fact, Apple’s CarPlay announcement listed only a few apps dedicated for use inside the car. They include phone calls, maps, music and messaging by voice or touch.
More important, Juliussen said that it’s not clear if Apple is making a software development kit (SDK) available for car OEMs. In order to accommodate Apple’s CarPlay, Juliussen said, “I suspect that automakers are doing more modifications to their cars,” and they need “something like an SDK” to make modification to their cars -- “relatively quickly.”
Many options for integrating smartphone apps
Carmakers understand that a growing number of automotive-related software apps – whether directly written to their own cars or to smartphones are destined to change their cars' future.
On one hand, General Motors -- armed with its own software development kit (SDK) -- is courting software developers to write unique automotive apps to GM cars. On the other, Ford is offering an SDK to software developers to write smartphone apps to be used in Ford cars.
Today, beyond what GM and Ford are independently doing, there are “four different approaches, at least in the United States, to bring smartphone apps inside the car,” Juliussen explained.
First is through Apple’s CarPlay; second is via MirrorLink (whose protocols were developed by the Car Connectivity Consortium); the third is through Android (Google-led Open Automotive Alliance); and finally, there’s Aha Radio.
The diagram below illustrates options available to carmakers in terms of how they can integrate smartphone apps inside their cars.
Smartphone apps integration options
(Source: IHS Automotive)
As complex as the integration of smartphone apps looks here, car OEMs are not likely to stop pursuing proprietary options offered by platform vendors like Apple.
Especially in the United States, where iPhone owners are viewed as “more valuable by carmakers,” Juliussen said that some carmakers are finding no choice but to court Apple and CarPlay.
Apple boasted that vehicles from Ferrari and Mercedes-Benz to Volvo will premiere CarPlay this week in Geneva. Apple added that additional manufacturers bringing CarPlay to their drivers down the road include BMW, Ford, General Motors, Honda, Hyundai, Jaguar Land Rover, Kia, Mitsubishi, Nissan, PSA Peugeot Citro?n, Subaru, Suzuki, and Toyota.
However, a fair number of car companies listed above as CarPlay supporters are also members of the Open Automotive Alliance – launched at the International CES in January – designed to bringing the Android platform to cars starting in 2014.
Transitional phase
Asked about Apple’s CarPlay, Roger Lanctot, associate director for global automotive practice at Strategy Analytics, told us, “This is the first integration which actually requires some iOS code in the car – but not the OS. Lanctot predicted that carmakers ultimately “will support any and all available smartphone integration.”
The situation automakers now face, however, looks pretty chaotic. Calling the current confusion in automotive apps development activities “an unfortunate transitional phase,” Lanctot explained, “The next step will be single platforms that support all smartphones in a consistent way.”
Asked about examples of “works-with-all-platforms,” Lanctot listed initiatives that include OpenCar, MyLink, SYNC, Airbiquity, and Abalta.
IHS Juliussen agreed that OpenCar might be a good place to start, in terms of creating a unified platform that can work with all smartphone apps. In fact, according the OpenCar website touts itself as “the next-generation application platform to bridge the automotive and mobile App ecosystems.” The website described OpenCar’s vision for the connected car as offering “applications that make smartphones irrelevant to drivers when they’re behind the wheel.”
But as long as every smartphone platform is jockeying to create a dashboard beachhead and carmakers are going along, the Apple vs. Google in-vehicle apps battle will not go away any time soon, leaving a smartphone integration SNAFU for apps developers, carmakers, and drivers.
責(zé)編：Quentin
