中國想要西方的科技，也希望能把自有的技術出口至西方，但關鍵問題是，中國以外的世界其它地方，是否愿意在該國被認為是“山寨大本營”的前提下與之合作。 位于北京海淀區(qū)，也是中國最早形成的科技產(chǎn)業(yè)聚落中關村，日前舉辦了一場年度研討會，主辦單位這回大膽地將“技術移轉(zhuǎn)”做為討論議題；該場研討會吸引了超過2,000名聽眾，包括來自當?shù)卣畽C關、學術單位的代表，以及歐、美、亞洲其它地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)高層。 對中國來說，技術移轉(zhuǎn)對于縮短創(chuàng)新差距十分重要，參與研討會的中外代表都認為，這是中國官方全球戰(zhàn)略的關鍵。 在某一方面，中國政府積極要求本土技術研發(fā)，并為國內(nèi)科學家與工程師設定了遠大的目標，希望在2015年產(chǎn)出200萬件專利；在另一方面，中國也敏銳地意識到與西方長期的技術差距，也了解他們無法靠單打獨斗來趕上差距。 在兩個看似矛盾的知識產(chǎn)權(IP)保護方法中間──內(nèi)部研發(fā)vs.技術移轉(zhuǎn)──有一位中國籍的與會者向座談專家拋出了一個問題：“到某種程度上我們需要依賴國外的創(chuàng)新？” 中國科技部(Ministry of Science and Technology，MOST)官員Guo Lin Zhou的回答是：“依賴國外所開發(fā)的技術是OK的?！彼M一步解釋，創(chuàng)新可以有三種不同的形式：“第一，區(qū)域性創(chuàng)新；第二，整合式創(chuàng)新；以及第三，借來 的、消化過的、重新發(fā)明的創(chuàng)新?！?

2012中關村論壇年會討論技術移轉(zhuǎn)話題
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為了迎合中國2020年的創(chuàng)新目標，Guo Lin Zhou補充指出：“我們?nèi)匀槐仨毾蛲鈬鴮W習，并且借用他們的成果。” 另一位與會專家，北京大學產(chǎn)業(yè)技術研究院院長陳東敏，卻針對以上科技部官員的說法提出不同意見：“前面說的第三種創(chuàng)新──借來的、消化過的、重新發(fā)明的──在其它國家眼里就是侵犯知識產(chǎn)權?！? 陳東敏指出，如果中國不接受西方普遍采用的知識產(chǎn)權保護道德觀念：“人人都會害怕跟中國做生意，因為會擔心自己的技術被偷走?！彼麖娬{(diào)，中國需要建立可信賴的國際化技術交易平臺，鼓勵海外的知識產(chǎn)權所有人在中國行銷他們的技術。 這場論壇還討論了其它議題：中國與美國尋求的特定技術；中國可采取的技術移轉(zhuǎn)途徑──包括合資企業(yè)與授權；為何國際技術移轉(zhuǎn)對中國來說是必須的；以及中國在說服全世界相信其承諾保護知識產(chǎn)權之前，還有哪些障礙需要掃除？ 有太多太多問題，顯示這仍是一場強迫推銷。 本文授權編譯自EE Times，版權所有，謝絕轉(zhuǎn)載 參考英文原文：China IP debate: "Everyone's afraid their tech will be stolen. . ."，by Junko Yoshida

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{pagination} China IP debate: "Everyone's afraid their tech will be stolen. . ." Junko Yoshida A heated debate took place during a Beijing forum over the nettlesome issue of intellectual property rights and what China must do to convince the world that it will honor them. BEIJING – China wants Western technology. It also wants to export its own technology to the West. The key question is whether the rest of the world will be willing to go along given the widely held belief that China is the "knockoff capital of the universe." When Zhongguancun Haidian Science Park, China’s foremost high-tech cluster located in Beijing's Haidian district, held its annual conference here this week, organizers boldly put “technology transfer” at the top of their agenda. More than 2,000 attendees showed up, including Chinese government officials and academics along with executives from the U.S., Europe and elsewhere in Asia. [ARM TechCon 2012, the largest ARM design ecosystem under one roof, is Oct. 30 - Nov. 1 in Santa Clara. Click here to learn more] For China, technology transfer is essential to narrowing the innovation gap. It’s critical to Beijing's global strategy, according to both international and Chinese representatives at the forum. Beijing, on one hand, demands active development of indigenous technologies by setting a lofty national goal for Chinese scientists and engineers to file 2 million patents annually by 2015. Still, China is keenly aware of its chronic technology gap with the West, and knows that it can’t catch up by going it alone. IP rights were a hot topic at the Zhongguancun Haidian Science Park conference. Caught between what seems like two contradictory approaches to IP protection (internal development vs. technology transfer), one Chinese attendee asked the panel (above): “To what extent should we rely on foreign countries for innovations?” Borrowed innovation Guo Lin Zhou, an official at China’s Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), repleid, “It’s OK to rely on technologies developed abroad.” He explained that innovations can come in three different flavors: “First, regional innovation; second, integrated innovation; and the third, borrowed, digested and reinvented innovation.” In order to meet China’s 2020 Innovation goals, he added, “We still have to learn from foreign countries and borrow their practices.” Panelist Dongmin Chen, dean of the school of innovation and entrepreneurship at Pekin University, pounced on the MOST official’s comments: “The third idea for innovation – described as ‘borrowed/digested/reinvented’ – is viewed as infringement of [IP rights] in other countries.” If China does not adopt ethical IPR protections as commonly accepted in the West, Chen explained, “Everyone is afraid of dealing with China because of the fear that his technology is going to get stolen.” He added that China needs to build a credible international technology transfer platform that encourages overseas IP holders to market their technology in China. The Beijing forum also debated: specific technologies sought by China and the United States; routes China can take in technology transfers, including joint ventures and licensing; why international technology transfer is necessary for China; and the hurdles China still needs to clear before convincing the world of China’s commitment to IP protection. Too many, that remains a hard sell.